{"argument_date":"2011-03-23T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2011-03-23T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2010","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Feigin argued age should not be a factor in the custody test.","Ms. Blackman stated the student was 13 when taken from his classroom.","Mr. Cooper argued the Court considers only external circumstances, not mental attributes."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 25-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 21-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 21-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 17-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 17-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 11-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 17-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 17-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 21-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 21-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 5-11"}]}],"caption":"J.D.B. v. North Carolina","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:24.993779Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on whether a 13-year-old's age must influence the legal definition of custody during police questioning.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 25-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 17-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 17-33"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2011-03-23T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2010","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/09-11121.html","primary_docket":"09-11121","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T00:05:20.956063Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["North Carolina police questioned a 13-year-old student in a closed room. The state argues age is irrelevant to the custody test. The student argues his age made the encounter coercive."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 25-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 17-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 17-33"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 23, 2011."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["North Carolina wants the Court to exclude age from the custody test.","The student wants the Court to include age in the custody test."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 25-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 17-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 17-33"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["North Carolina argues the custody test relies solely on external circumstances.","The student argues his age made the interrogation feel coercive."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 25-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 17-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 17-33"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Scalia asked why mental deficiency should not also be a factor.","Justice Breyer asked about a test derived from three prior cases."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 21-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 21-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 11-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 17-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 17-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 21-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 21-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 5-11"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines when police questioning requires Miranda warnings. It affects how courts evaluate the coerciveness of interrogations involving minors. The outcome shapes the rights of young people during police encounters."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 25-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 17-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 17-33"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 21-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 21-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 11-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 17-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 17-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 21-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 21-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 5-11"}]}],"slug":"2010-09-11121-j-d-b-v-north-carolina","term":"2010","title":"Does a suspect's age affect whether police questioning counts as custody?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 25-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 17-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-11121.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 17-33"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}