{"argument_date":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2007","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","paragraphs":["CBOCS West argues the statute text excludes retaliation.","Humphries argues the statute enforces anti-discrimination goals.","questions_asked_by_justices"],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 45-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 45-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 21-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 21-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 45-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 45-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 51-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 51-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 41-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 41-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 31-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 31-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 37-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 37-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 5-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 5-7"}]}],"caption":"CBOCS West v. Humphries","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:27.326380Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The parties dispute whether federal law covers employee retaliation.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 45-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 45-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 51-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 51-17"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2007","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/06-1431.html","primary_docket":"06-1431","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T11:41:55.367189Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["This case tests the scope of a federal civil rights statute."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 45-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 45-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 51-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 51-17"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on February 20, 2008."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["CBOCS West wants the Court to reject the retaliation claim.","Humphries wants the Court to uphold the retaliation claim."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 45-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 45-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 51-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 51-17"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["CBOCS West argues the statute lacks a retaliation provision.","Humphries argues the statute protects against retaliatory acts."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 45-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 45-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 51-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 51-17"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Scalia asked if the 1991 amendment changed prior law.","Justice Ginsburg asked if retaliation existed before 1991."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 21-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 21-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 45-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 45-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 41-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 41-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 31-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 31-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 37-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 37-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 5-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 5-7"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This dispute defines the scope of federal employment protections."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 45-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 45-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 51-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 51-17"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 21-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 21-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 45-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 45-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 41-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 41-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 31-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 31-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 37-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 37-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 5-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 5-7"}]}],"slug":"2007-06-1431-cbocs-west-v-humphries","term":"2007","title":"Does Section 1981 allow retaliation claims?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 45-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 45-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 51-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2007/06-1431.pdf","page_label":"file page 44, lines 51-17"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}