{"argument_date":"2006-12-05T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2006-12-05T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2006","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Himmelfarb argued that the Ninth Circuit's holding is clearly incorrect.","He stated that even the opposing side does not defend the exclusion of aiding and abetting.","Mr. Meade argued that the case does not involve a conviction under California's car theft statute.","He emphasized that the specific statute requires an intent to steal."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 13-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 13-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 27-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 27-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 23, lines 51-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 23, lines 51-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 25-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 25-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 51-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 51-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 3-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 3-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 31-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 31-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 39-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 39-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 7-15"}]}],"caption":"Gonzales. v. Duenas-Alvarez","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:28.176280Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The government argues that aiding and abetting theft qualifies as an aggravated felony. the opposing side argues that the statute requires a direct intent to steal.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 23, lines 51-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 23, lines 51-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-23"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2006-12-05T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2006","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/05-1629.html","primary_docket":"05-1629","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T12:53:49.465979Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case tests whether federal immigration law treats aiding and abetting theft as a qualifying aggravated felony. The Ninth Circuit ruled that California's theft definition is broader than the generic federal definition. The government seeks to reverse that ruling. the opposing side seeks to affirm it."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 23, lines 51-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 23, lines 51-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-23"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 5, 2006."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["The government wants the Court to rule that aiding and abetting theft is an aggravated felony.","the opposing side wants the Court to rule that aiding and abetting theft is not an aggravated felony."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 23, lines 51-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 23, lines 51-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-23"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["The government argues that the Ninth Circuit's exclusion of aiding and abetting is legally incorrect.","the opposing side argues that the statute requires a direct intent to steal, which aiding and abetting lacks."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 23, lines 51-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 23, lines 51-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-23"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Ginsburg asked if the Court should decide the issue as a matter of first impression.","Justice Scalia asked if the opposing side can seek to uphold the judgment on other grounds."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 13-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 13-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 27-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 27-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 25-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 25-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 51-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 51-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 3-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 3-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 31-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 31-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 39-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 39-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 7-15"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the scope of aggravated felony theft for immigration removal. It determines whether indirect participation in theft triggers mandatory deportation. The outcome shapes how federal courts interpret state theft statutes in immigration proceedings."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 23, lines 51-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 23, lines 51-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-23"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 13-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 13-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 27-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 27-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 25-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 25-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 51-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 51-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 3-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 3-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 31-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 31-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 39-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 39-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 7-15"}]}],"slug":"2006-05-1629-gonzales-v-duenas-alvarez","term":"2006","title":"Does aiding and abetting count as a theft offense for immigration removal?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 23, lines 51-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 23, lines 51-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1629.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-23"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}