{"argument_date":"2006-11-27T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2006-11-27T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2006","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","paragraphs":["Barnett argued the lower court decision allows weak claims to survive.","Kellogg argued the rules do not require detailed factual pleading.","richards argued the complaint meets the necessary legal threshold."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 3-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 3-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 49-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 49-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 17-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 17-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 39-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 39-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 21-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 21-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 35-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 35-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 49-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 49-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 21-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 21-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 23-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 23-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 7-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 7-19"}]}],"caption":"Bell Atlantic v. Twombly","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:28.100844Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"Competitors dispute whether simple market parallelism proves a Sherman Act violation.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 3-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 3-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 49-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 49-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-15"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2006-11-27T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2006","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/05-1126.html","primary_docket":"05-1126","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T21:50:39.244920Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["This case tests the legal standard for dismissing antitrust claims."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 3-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 3-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 49-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 49-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-15"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on November 27, 2006."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["Bell Atlantic seeks dismissal of the antitrust claim.","Twombly seeks to keep the complaint alive for trial."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 3-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 3-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 49-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 49-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-15"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["Bell Atlantic argues parallel action alone does not prove agreement.","Twombly argues simple factual statements satisfy pleading rules."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 3-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 3-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 49-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 49-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-15"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Stevens asked if the complaint alleges a specific contract.","Justice Breyer asked if minimal injury claims survive dismissal motions."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 17-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 17-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 39-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 39-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 21-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 21-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 35-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 35-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 49-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 49-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 21-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 21-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 23-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 23-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 7-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 7-19"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This standard defines how easily antitrust suits reach trial."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 3-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 3-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 49-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 49-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-15"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 17-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 17-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 39-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 39-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 21-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 21-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 35-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 35-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 49-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 49-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 21-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 21-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 23-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 23-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 7-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 7-19"}]}],"slug":"2006-05-1126-bell-atlantic-v-twombly","term":"2006","title":"Does parallel market behavior prove a conspiracy?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 3-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 3-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 49-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 49-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2006/05-1126.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-15"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}