{"argument_date":"2006-01-18T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2006-01-18T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2005","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","paragraphs":["General Dreeben argued the warrant particularly described the place and things to be seized.","Mr. Reichel noted that triggering events are commonly not so clean.","Justice Kennedy suggested that adding a qualification makes a big change in warrant usage.","Justice Souter emphasized an ongoing obligation of reasonableness in how searches are carried out."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 47-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 47-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 5-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 5-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 37-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 37-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 37-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 37-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 45-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 45-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 21-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 21-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 39-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 39-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 47-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 47-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 13-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 13-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 47-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 47-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 1-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 1-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 37-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 37-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 3-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 3-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 41-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 41-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 1-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 1-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 35-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 35-41"}]}],"caption":"United States v. Grubbs","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:28.911449Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:28.928895Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on whether law enforcement must wait for a specific event to happen before executing a search warrant.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 37-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 37-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 39-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 39-45"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2006-01-18T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2005","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/04-1414.html","primary_docket":"04-1414","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T13:53:35.748226Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["This case examines the validity of anticipatory search warrants. The government argues these warrants are legal if probable cause exists at issuance. The defendant argues execution requires a specific triggering event to occur first."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 37-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 37-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 39-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 39-45"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 18, 2006."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 3-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 3-7"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["The government wants the Court to uphold the search and affirm the conviction.","The defendant wants the Court to suppress the evidence and reverse the conviction."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 37-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 37-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 39-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 39-45"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["The government argues the warrant was valid because it described the place and items clearly.","The defendant argues the search was unreasonable because the triggering event did not occur."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 37-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 37-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 39-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 39-45"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Stevens asked if the executing officer must be the same officer who obtained the warrant.","Chief Justice Roberts asked if execution before the triggering event invalidates the warrant due to lack of probable cause."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 47-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 47-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 5-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 5-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 37-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 37-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 45-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 45-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 21-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 21-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 47-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 47-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 13-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 13-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 47-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 47-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 1-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 1-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 37-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 37-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 3-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 3-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 41-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 41-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 1-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 1-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 35-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 35-41"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the limits of anticipatory search warrants. It determines when police may enter a home. It balances privacy rights against law enforcement needs. It sets a standard for future warrant executions."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 37-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 37-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 39-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 39-45"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 47-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 47-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 5-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 5-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 37-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 37-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 45-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 45-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 21-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 21-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 47-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 47-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 13-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 13-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 47-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 47-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 1-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 1-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 37-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 37-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 3-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 3-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 41-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 41-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 1-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 1-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 35-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 35-41"}]}],"slug":"2005-04-1414-united-states-v-grubbs","term":"2005","title":"Can police execute a search warrant before a specific triggering event occurs?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 37-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 37-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 39-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2005/04-1414.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 39-45"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}