{"argument_date":"2005-02-22T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2005-02-22T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2004","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Bennett argued federal courts have deferentially reviewed legislation affecting property for seventy years.","Mr. Kneedler stated the rational basis standard goes to the heart of the judicial role.","Mr. Stewart identified the issue as the content of the regulatory takings doctrine."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 19-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 19-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 35-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 35-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 37-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 37-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 41-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 41-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 31-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 31-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 13-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 13-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 43-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 43-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 9-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 9-9"}]}],"caption":"Lingle v. Chevron U. S. A. Inc.","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:29.547727Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"the sides that brought the case seek a stricter judicial review standard for property regulations. the opposing sides defend the current rational basis approach.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 37-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 37-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-25"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2005-02-22T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2004","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/04-163.html","primary_docket":"04-163","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T14:53:09.433980Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["This case tests the standard for reviewing economic regulations that affect property rights. the sides that brought the case argue for a higher level of scrutiny. the opposing sides support the existing rational basis test."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 37-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 37-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-25"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on February 22, 2005."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case want the Court to adopt the substantially advances test for regulatory takings claims.","the opposing sides want the Court to maintain the rational basis standard for reviewing economic legislation."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 37-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 37-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-25"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case argue the substantially advances test is grounded in long-recognized legal principles.","the opposing sides argue the rational basis standard is central to the judicial role in a democracy."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 37-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 37-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-25"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice O'Connor asked if discrete property rights justify higher scrutiny than general economic regulation.","Justice Scalia questioned why the Court repeatedly states certain legal principles."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 19-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 19-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 35-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 35-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 41-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 41-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 31-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 31-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 13-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 13-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 43-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 43-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 9-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 9-9"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["The outcome defines the scope of judicial review for property regulations. It determines how strictly courts examine state economic laws affecting private property interests."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 37-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 37-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-25"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 19-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 19-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 35-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 35-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 41-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 41-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 31-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 31-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 13-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 13-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-54","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-54"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 43-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 43-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 47-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 47-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 9-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 9-9"}]}],"slug":"2004-04-163-lingle-v-chevron-u-s-a-inc","term":"2004","title":"Should courts apply the rational basis test to regulatory takings claims?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 37-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 37-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2004/04-163.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-25"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}