{"argument_date":"2003-12-08T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2003-12-08T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2003","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","paragraphs":["General Myers argued prisoners must alert state courts to federal claims.","He stated this requirement ensures proper exhaustion of state remedies.","Mr. Balske argued the question is one of fair presentation.","He claimed courts can easily find federal claims in state records."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 19-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 19-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 45-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 45-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 5-55","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 5-55"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 43-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 43-45"}]}],"caption":"Baldwin v. Reese","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:30.753969Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:30.782188Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"the sides that brought the case argue courts must find federal claims in state records. the opposing sides insist prisoners must clearly label them.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 19-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 19-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 45-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 45-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 5-55","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 5-55"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2003-12-08T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2003","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/02-964.html","primary_docket":"02-964","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T16:03:37.670811Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["This case tests how state prisoners raise federal constitutional claims. The core issue is whether courts can infer these claims from state court records. the sides that brought the case want a flexible standard for finding federal issues. the opposing sides demand explicit identification of federal rights."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 19-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 19-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 45-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 45-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 5-55","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 5-55"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 8, 2003."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 43-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 43-45"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case want courts to infer federal claims from state records.","the opposing sides want prisoners to explicitly label federal claims in state filings."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 19-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 19-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 45-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 45-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 5-55","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 5-55"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case argue courts should search state records for federal issues.","the opposing sides argue prisoners must clearly alert state courts to federal claims."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 19-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 19-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 45-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 45-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 5-55","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 5-55"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Chief Justice Rehnquist asked if the case was submitted."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 43-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 43-45"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This dispute defines the procedural path for federal habeas relief. It determines how strictly courts interpret state court records. It shapes the burden on prisoners seeking federal review. It impacts the efficiency of state and federal court systems."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 19-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 19-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 45-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 45-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 5-55","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 5-55"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 43-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 43-45"}]}],"slug":"2003-02-964-baldwin-v-reese","term":"2003","title":"Must a state prisoner explicitly flag federal claims for habeas review?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 19-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 19-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 15-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 15-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 45-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 45-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 5-55","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2003/02-964.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 5-55"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}