{"argument_date":"2002-03-19T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2002-03-19T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2001","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","paragraphs":["The district claims a reasonable drug threat allows testing athletes.","Earls contends random testing without suspicion violates her rights.","The district cites a five percent drug use rate in its surveys.","The Court questioned the accuracy of the district's reported statistics."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 10-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 10-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 49-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 49-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 4-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 4-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 51, lines 11-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 51, lines 11-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 22-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 22-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 25-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 25-26"}]}],"caption":"Board of Ed. Dist. No. 92 of Pottawatomie Cty. v. Earls","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:32.255982Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:32.272474Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"A school district seeks to test students in sports. Lindsay Earls argues this violates her rights.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 10-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 10-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 49-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 49-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 51, lines 11-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 51, lines 11-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 22-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 22-23"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2002-03-19T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2001","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/01-332.html","primary_docket":"01-332","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T17:05:40.779330Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case tests the limits of school authority. It asks if random drug tests for athletes fit the Constitution."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 10-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 10-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 49-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 49-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 51, lines 11-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 51, lines 11-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 22-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 22-23"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 19, 2002."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 4-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 4-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 25-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 25-26"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["The district wants to keep its drug testing program for student athletes.","Earls wants the Court to strike down the testing policy as unconstitutional."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 10-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 10-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 49-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 49-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 51, lines 11-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 51, lines 11-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 22-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 22-23"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["The district argues that a reasonable drug threat justifies testing competitive students.","Earls argues that random testing without individual suspicion violates her privacy rights."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 10-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 10-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 49-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 49-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 51, lines 11-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 51, lines 11-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 22-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 22-23"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Does a school's drug problem justify testing athletes without individual suspicion?","How does the district's reported drug use rate affect the reasonableness of the test?"],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 4-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 4-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 25-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 25-26"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the scope of school authority over student privacy. It sets the standard for testing students in extracurricular activities. The outcome shapes how schools manage safety and constitutional rights."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 10-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 10-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 49-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 49-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 51, lines 11-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 51, lines 11-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 22-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 22-23"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 4-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 4-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 25-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 25-26"}]}],"slug":"2001-01-332-board-of-ed-dist-no-92-of-pottawatomie-cty-v-earls","term":"2001","title":"Can schools test athletes for drugs?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 10-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 10-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 49-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 49-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 51, lines 11-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 51, lines 11-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 22-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/01-332.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 22-23"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}