{"argument_date":"2002-02-27T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2002-02-27T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2001","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Shapiro argued safety is a basic business necessity.","Mr. Bagenstos argued the ADA targets such exclusions.","Ms. Blatt explained the statute's two-step process."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 30-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 30-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 38-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 38-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 6-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 6-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 50, lines 42-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 50, lines 42-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 36-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 36-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 28-32"}]}],"caption":"Chevron U. S. A., Inc. v. Echazabal","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:32.456091Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:32.475012Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"Chevron argues it must exclude a worker with hepatitis C to protect others. Echazabal claims the ADA bans such exclusions.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 30-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 30-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 38-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 38-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 50, lines 42-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 50, lines 42-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 36-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 36-12"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2002-02-27T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2001","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/00-1406.html","primary_docket":"00-1406","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T17:07:20.058040Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Echazabal"],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 30-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 30-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 38-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 38-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 50, lines 42-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 50, lines 42-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 36-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 36-12"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on February 27, 2002."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 6-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 6-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 28-32"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["Chevron wants to exclude disabled workers to protect others.","Echazabal wants to keep his job despite his condition."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 30-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 30-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 38-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 38-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 50, lines 42-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 50, lines 42-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 36-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 36-12"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["Chevron argues safety is a basic business necessity.","Echazabal argues the ADA targets such exclusions."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 30-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 30-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 38-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 38-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 50, lines 42-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 50, lines 42-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 36-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 36-12"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Does the ADA allow exclusions for self-defense?","How does the statute define qualified individuals?"],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 28-32"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["Employers face a choice between safety and inclusion. Workers with disabilities face job exclusion risks. This balance affects workplace policies nationwide."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 30-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 30-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 38-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 38-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 50, lines 42-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 50, lines 42-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 36-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 36-12"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 6-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 6-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 28-32"}]}],"slug":"2001-00-1406-chevron-u-s-a-inc-v-echazabal","term":"2001","title":"Can employers exclude disabled workers to protect themselves?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 30-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 30-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 38-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 38-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 50, lines 42-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 50, lines 42-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 36-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2001/00-1406.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 36-12"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}