{"argument_date":"2000-10-03T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2000-10-03T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2000","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Falk argued the stops are criminal investigations of innocent people.","He stated the primary purpose is noncriminal investigation.","Ms. Millett argued the checkpoints are constitutional under prior rulings.","She cited cases involving alien smuggling and sobriety checks."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 7-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 7-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 13-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 13-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 35-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 35-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 31-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 31-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 15-17"}]}],"caption":"Indianapolis v. Edmond","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:33.810854Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:33.839782Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The city argues its checkpoints are legal safety tools. The driver argues they are illegal drug searches.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 7-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 7-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 13-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 13-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 35-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 35-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 31-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 31-7"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2000-10-03T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2000","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/99-1030.html","primary_docket":"99-1030","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T18:32:16.343877Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The city of Indianapolis runs roadblocks to catch drunk drivers and find drugs. The driver says these stops are illegal because they target innocent people without cause. The city says the stops are legal because they serve a safety purpose."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 7-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 7-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 13-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 13-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 35-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 35-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 31-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 31-7"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 3, 2000."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 15-17"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["The city wants the Court to approve its checkpoint program.","The driver wants the Court to ban these drug-focused stops."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 7-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 7-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 13-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 13-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 35-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 35-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 31-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 31-7"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["The city argues its checkpoints are legal under prior safety rulings.","The driver argues these stops are criminal investigations without cause."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 7-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 7-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 13-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 13-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 35-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 35-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 31-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 31-7"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Chief Justice Rehnquist asked if the city's stops differ from prior approved cases."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 15-17"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the limits of police power on public roads. It determines whether officers can stop drivers without suspicion to find drugs. The outcome shapes daily interactions between citizens and law enforcement."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 7-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 7-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 13-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 13-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 35-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 35-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 31-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 31-7"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 5-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 5-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 15-17"}]}],"slug":"2000-99-1030-indianapolis-v-edmond","term":"2000","title":"Can police stop drivers without suspicion to find drugs?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 19, lines 7-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 19, lines 7-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 13-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 13-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 35-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 35-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 31-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/pdfs/transcripts/2000/99-1030.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 31-7"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}